发新话题
打印

VOA广播的收听技巧(转载)(二)

VOA广播的收听技巧(转载)(二)

5. 熟悉VOA的语音语调和播音员的不同风格

  在我国,各极各类学校的英语教学大多采用英国英语(即Received Pronunciation

)的发音和语调,这对听懂VOA的英语广播增添了困难,因为英国英语和美国英语在发音

和语调上都存在一定的区别。不仅少数元音和辅音、词的重音和拼写、句子重音和节奏

存在着不同之处,而且核心语调所表示的含意也有差别,句子音调的区别也比较大:如

美国英语一句话的语调模式,呈城垛形,也可以说是呈波浪形的;而英国英语一句话的

典型语调模式却是呈梯级下降形的,或者说是呈斜坡形的。由此可见,听众要想熟悉和

掌握美国英语的语音语调,除了坚持收听,逐步适应外,还应有意识地对英美英语的语

调进行比较,以便尽快听懂VOA的英语广播。

  VOA电台拥有众多的播音员,他们都经过严格的专业培训,发音清晰纯正,播讲抑扬

顿挫,这是他们的共同特点,但同时每个播音员又都有自己的独特风格。例如Special

English专题节目的女主持人Key Gerlant的语音清晰,多用降调,给人以诚实可信的感

觉;而Standard English新闻节目的男播音员Bill Hansen,声音宽厚、宏亮,且播音时

多用升调,使人留恋不已,回味无穷。Standard English新闻节目的女播音员Susan

Yakey语音语调明快爽朗……象这样的播音员,受到观众的青睐是不足为怪的。

  尽可能多地接触不同国家(包括非英语国家)、不同性别、不同年龄和不同口音的

人士进行英语听力训练,不仅不利于听说能力的提高,而且是培养听说能力的最终目的

——能听懂人所说的英语。VOA为我们提供了这一极好的实践条件,电台除了了有众多的

播音员外,还有许多派往世界各地的记者,他们随时都将世界各地的重要新闻录制成报

道,发到电台,及时播出。但由于录音的长途传送及不可避免的干扰,这类录音常常不

十分清晰,比较难懂,再加上有些录音报道是当事人所讲的英语,英语非他们的母语,

这就更增加了收听的难度。虽然这些录音不适宜我们模仿,但却是我们培养语感、训练

耳朵的好材料。  

6. 怎样提高辨音能力

  英语学习者在收听VOA的广播时,必然会遇到一些生词。有的初学者,往往会因为几

个生词而影响正常的收听,本来比较简单的材料,却被几个生词弄得不知所云。一般说

来,听众所遇到的生词可分为关键词和非关键词两类。

  所谓关键词就是影响句子基本意义的词。在实际广播中,关键词的重复率一般都比

较高。遇到这样的词,最好能将材料录下来,并设法记下,以增加理解,加深印象。例

如:

  Four persons have died in the crash of an American marine helicopter
south of Seoul. Two other persons were injured. An American military
spokesman said officials are investigating the crash. South Korea News
Agency said the helicopter crashed after striking an electrical wire. (Sp.)

  Negotiations continue with the hijacking of a Kuwaiti jumbo jet moves
through the eleventh day. The jet liner was estimated 31 passengers still
held captive remains at Algiers Airport. The Shiite hijackers say they will
not back down from their demands that 17 convicted terrorists jailed in
Kuwait be released. Kuwait has repeatedly refused to yield to the gunmen’s
demands. The hijackers have killed two hostages aboard the plane. The
hijackers released a 70-year-old Kuwaiti man Thursday for what they called “
humanitarian reasons”. (St.)

  上面的Special English新闻,共有四句话,crash这一词及其变体就重复出现了三

次。在Standard English新闻中,共六句话,hijack这一词及其变体就重复出现了四次

。如果能把握住这些词及其变体,也就理解新闻的大意了。

  有时还会有这样一种情况:即使是你录下了音,经过反复辨听后,却仍然查不出这

一关键词。这主要有两个方面的原因,一是没有听准该播音员的语音语调,如果能在当

天重播另一播音员播讲的该新闻时再次收听或录音,很可能会解决这个困难。听众不妨

试试。  



所谓非关键词是指那些不影响听众理解句子大意的次,广播中这类词的重复率通常都比

较低。如:

  China Philippine President Corazon Aquino has begun a visit to China by
traveling to her family’s home in the southeastern province of Fujian.
President Aquino told persons in the small village of Hongjian that she
came to China for both personal reasons and as a representative of the
Filipino Government. Mrs. Aquino will meet with Chinese officials during
her visit to discuss trade and other matters of interest. She is expected
to ask China to increase its imports of Filipino goods to reduce her country
’s 100-million-dollar trade deficit with China. (Sp.)

  Philippine President Corazon Aquino began her trip to China today wit a
visit to her ancestral home in the southeastern province of Fujian. She
told the 1,300 residents of Hongjian Village she came to China for personal
reasons as well as for state purposes. She said she gained a greater sense
of history by visiting her home of her ancestors. As for the affairs of
state Mrs. Aquino is to meet with senior leader Deng Xiaoping, President
Yang Shangkun and Premier Li Peng Friday in Beijing to discuss trade,
bilateral and regional issues. Mrs. Aquino is expected to see greater
imports of Philippine products to reduce Manila’s 100-million-dollar trade
deficit with China. In the Philippines government troops continue a state
of red alert to prevent possible disruption by anti-government forces. (St.)

  上面的第一例是一条Special English新闻,新闻这的Hongjian这一小地名就属于非

关键词,这类词一般在英语工具书上查不到。即使不查这个词,我们也知道是谁开始访

问中国这一重要消息。第而例是同一内容的Standard English新闻,新闻中the

affair of state与a state of red alert可视为非关键词组,播音员在朗读时也读得特

别轻快,初学者也很难听清楚,但这并不影响听众对新闻大意的了解,而且很容易从上

下问中猜出其含义。

  查词典时,如果使用美国版的词典或标有英美两种音标的词典,就会更为方便些。

如The World Book Dictionary,Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of

Current English 1990版或Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 1991年版等

───────────────

[wdb10]

TOP

发新话题